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Smart money: order blocks, FVG, liquidity

Reading the market: charts, tools and instruments3 min read
What you learn in 3 minutesThis lesson gives you the vocabulary of order blocks, fair value gaps and liquidity, and shows what all three terms assume about where large orders sit. You will see two versions of the same chart: one where a reader marks a block and a gap and treats them as levels to act on, and one where the same marks are used only as places to watch. The difference is not the drawing. It is what the drawing is claimed to prove. A standard lot of EUR/USD moves 10 units of the quote currency per pip, so at an exchange rate of 130 KSh to the dollar one pip is about KSh 1,300. That number is the reason the assumption matters: a level that looks like a signal can cost real money when it fails.
1.08191.08371.08551.08731.0891EUR/USD · H1 · 18 candles · schematic
A schematic EUR/USD chart around 1.0850 with one order block, one fair value gap and one liquidity sweep marked, drawn to show the sequence rather than any real price data.
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One block, one sweep, one return: 20 pips on 0.10 lots

StepAmountNote
Order block marked1.0830 to 1.0836the last down candle before a sharp move up, drawn as a zone rather than a line
Fair value gap1.0842 to 1.0848the gap left between the low of one candle and the high of the candle two places later
Liquidity sweeplow at 1.0824price dips below the block, takes out stops resting there, then returns
Return into the blockentry at 1.0832price comes back to the upper half of the marked zone
Distance to the gap10 pips1.0842 minus 1.0832, the gap being the next marked area above
Value of 10 pips on 0.10 lotsKSh 1,30010 pips x 10 units per pip on one standard lot x 0.10 lots x 130 KSh per unit
Value of 20 pips on 0.10 lotsKSh 2,60020 pips x 10 units per pip x 0.10 lots x 130 KSh per unit

The exchange rate used to convert the quote currency into KSh varies between brokers and changes through the day. A broker may also charge a spread, a commission or a swap on top, and may quote a different pip value for the same position size. Check the contract specification before you calculate anything.

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The mistake people make here

The common mistake is to treat a marked block, gap or sweep as a reason to enter rather than as a place to watch. The vocabulary sounds precise, so it is easy to forget that every one of these terms rests on an assumption about where large orders sit, and that assumption is never shown on the chart. People also mark the zone after the move has already happened, which makes the chart look far clearer than it was in real time. Instead, mark the area first, write down what would make you wrong, and treat the level as one input among several. If the price does not return to the zone, there is no trade, and that is a normal outcome rather than a missed opportunity.

Check yourself

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Price returns to a marked block at 1.0832 and reaches the gap at 1.0842. On 0.20 lots, with one pip worth 10 units of the quote currency and the rate at 130 KSh per unit, what is the gross value of the move?

The move is 1.0842 minus 1.0832, which is 10 pips. One pip on one standard lot is 10 units of the quote currency, so on 0.20 lots it is 10 x 0.20 = 2 units. At 130 KSh per unit that is 260 KSh per pip. Over 10 pips the gross value is 10 x 260 = KSh 2,600. Spread, commission or swap would reduce this.

A reader marks a liquidity sweep at 1.0824 and says price must return to the block above. What is the assumption in that sentence, and what would falsify it?

The assumption is that large orders are resting in the block and will push price back up. It is falsified if price continues below the sweep low without returning, which is a normal outcome and not a signal to add to a losing position.

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Next in Reading the market: charts, tools and instrumentsGold (XAU/USD): how it differs from currencies
Trading forex and CFDs carries a high risk of losing money. Most retail accounts lose. Nothing here is a recommendation to trade or a forecast of any result.Wanjiruyour course guide